Difference between revisions of "Verbs - past tense"
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(New page: Aim - to talk about the past. The perfect tense is most commonly used for events in the past, including events which may not have yet finished happening. Verbs in the perfect tense chan...) |
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Verbs in the perfect tense change their ending. | Verbs in the perfect tense change their ending. | ||
| − | *The commonest past tense ending is -ile | + | *The commonest past tense ending is -a is replaced by -ile |
| − | *Another common endings is -tse | + | {| style="color:black;background-color:#ffcc99;" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" |
| + | | ''present'' || ''perfect'' || ''meaning'' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | bu'''a''' || bu'''ile''' || speak | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | rek'''a''' || rek'''ile''' || buy | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ithut'''a''' || ithut'''ile''' || learn | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | kop'''a''' || kop'''ile''' || ask for | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | tl'''a''' || tl'''ile'''/tsile || come | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | Some irregular forms exist: | ||
| + | {| style="color:black;background-color:#ffcc99;" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" | ||
| + | | ''present'' || ''perfect'' || ''meaning'' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | apaya || apeile || cook | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | kwala || kwadile || write | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ja || jele || eat/eaten | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | nwa || nole || drink/drunk | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | itse || itsile || know/knew | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ya || ile || go/went | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | *Another common endings is -tse | ||
| + | {| style="color:black;background-color:#ffcc99;" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" | ||
| + | | ''present'' || ''perfect'' || ''meaning'' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | rob'''ala''' || rob'''etse''' || | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | ts'''isa''' || ts'''itse''' || | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | be'''tsa''' || be'''ditse''' || beat | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | aka'''nya''' || aka'''ntse''' || think | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | *but some verbs are irregular and must be learnt | ||
| + | {| style="color:black;background-color:#ffcc99;" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" | ||
| + | | ''present'' || ''perfect'' || ''meaning'' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | gana || ganne || | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | kopana || kopanye || | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | apara || apere || | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
===Examples=== | ===Examples=== | ||
Latest revision as of 01:22, 31 July 2008
Aim - to talk about the past.
The perfect tense is most commonly used for events in the past, including events which may not have yet finished happening.
Verbs in the perfect tense change their ending.
- The commonest past tense ending is -a is replaced by -ile
| present | perfect | meaning |
| bua | buile | speak |
| reka | rekile | buy |
| ithuta | ithutile | learn |
| kopa | kopile | ask for |
| tla | tlile/tsile | come |
Some irregular forms exist:
| present | perfect | meaning |
| apaya | apeile | cook |
| kwala | kwadile | write |
| ja | jele | eat/eaten |
| nwa | nole | drink/drunk |
| itse | itsile | know/knew |
| ya | ile | go/went |
- Another common endings is -tse
| present | perfect | meaning |
| robala | robetse | |
| tsisa | tsitse | |
| betsa | beditse | beat |
| akanya | akantse | think |
- but some verbs are irregular and must be learnt
| present | perfect | meaning |
| gana | ganne | |
| kopana | kopanye | |
| apara | apere |
Examples
| ke feditse | I have finished / I finished |
| ke itumetse | I am happy (I have become happy) |
| re ile ko Gauteng | We went to Jo'burg |
| o jele eng? | what did you eat ? |
Vocabulary - Verbs
| present | perfect | meaning |
| ja | jele | eat/eaten |
| nwa | nole | drink/drunk |
| itse | itsile | know/knew |
| ya | ile | go/went |
| tlhapa | tlhapile | wash (clothes) |
| apaya | apeile | cook |
| kwala | kwadile | write |
| bua | buile | speak |
| ithuta | ithutile | learn |
| bala | badile | read |
| tsamaya | tsamaile | leave |
| tsisa | tsisitse | bring |
| isa | isitse | take (eg someone to school) |
| reka | rekile | buy |
| betsa | beditse | beat |
| kopa | kopile | ask for |
| batla | batlile | want/look for |
| akanya | akantse | think |
| tla | tlile/tsile | come |