Difference between revisions of "Verbs - past tense"
From Setswana
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| ''present'' || ''perfect'' || ''meaning'' | | ''present'' || ''perfect'' || ''meaning'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | bu'''a''' || bu'''ile''' || speak |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | rek'''a''' || rek'''ile''' || buy |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | ithut'''a''' || ithut'''ile''' || learn |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | kop'''a''' || kop'''ile''' || ask for |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | tl'''a''' || tl'''ile'''/tsile || come |
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 01:22, 31 July 2008
Aim - to talk about the past.
The perfect tense is most commonly used for events in the past, including events which may not have yet finished happening.
Verbs in the perfect tense change their ending.
- The commonest past tense ending is -a is replaced by -ile
present | perfect | meaning |
bua | buile | speak |
reka | rekile | buy |
ithuta | ithutile | learn |
kopa | kopile | ask for |
tla | tlile/tsile | come |
Some irregular forms exist:
present | perfect | meaning |
apaya | apeile | cook |
kwala | kwadile | write |
ja | jele | eat/eaten |
nwa | nole | drink/drunk |
itse | itsile | know/knew |
ya | ile | go/went |
- Another common endings is -tse
present | perfect | meaning |
robala | robetse | |
tsisa | tsitse | |
betsa | beditse | beat |
akanya | akantse | think |
- but some verbs are irregular and must be learnt
present | perfect | meaning |
gana | ganne | |
kopana | kopanye | |
apara | apere |
Examples
ke feditse | I have finished / I finished |
ke itumetse | I am happy (I have become happy) |
re ile ko Gauteng | We went to Jo'burg |
o jele eng? | what did you eat ? |
Vocabulary - Verbs
present | perfect | meaning |
ja | jele | eat/eaten |
nwa | nole | drink/drunk |
itse | itsile | know/knew |
ya | ile | go/went |
tlhapa | tlhapile | wash (clothes) |
apaya | apeile | cook |
kwala | kwadile | write |
bua | buile | speak |
ithuta | ithutile | learn |
bala | badile | read |
tsamaya | tsamaile | leave |
tsisa | tsisitse | bring |
isa | isitse | take (eg someone to school) |
reka | rekile | buy |
betsa | beditse | beat |
kopa | kopile | ask for |
batla | batlile | want/look for |
akanya | akantse | think |
tla | tlile/tsile | come |